Ocean Surface Currents from Satellite Feature Tracking


Since the early 1990's, the Ocean Modeling Branch has been involved in developing methods to conduct ocean feature tracking using satellite imagery from the Advanced High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on NOAA's polar orbiting satellites to provide synoptic coverage of the surface circulation over large areas of the coastal ocean.  This approach provides useful information on surface flow in many areas where we have virtually no information at the present time.  Such information is needed for many important applications, such as search and rescue missions, containment of oil and toxic chemical spills, optimal ship routing, living and nonliving resources management, and for input into coastal circulation models which are currently being developed.  Observations on surface currents in coastal areas will be used both for assimilation into, and evaluation of, these models.

An interactive system was developed in 1992 to conduct ocean feature tracking using AVHRR satellite imagery  which includes a new method for improving image navigation, an important part of the feature tracking methodology. This method was recently modified for application to imagery from GOES-8 which provides the advantage of viewing a given ocean region on a continuous basis.  We plan to conduct a validation study of the surface currents obtained from the GOES imagery and to develop methods to automate the feature tracking process.  Finally, we also plan to employ ocean color imagery from SeaWiFs as a new source of data to conduct feature tracking, and satellite altimetric retrievals to produce maps of ocean surface currents on a routine daily basis.

Example of feature tracking applied to GOESi magery (a) and to AHVRR imagery (b) for the Gulf of Maine are shown in the figure above.  Because of the higher spatial resolution, our ability to track small scale features is clearly better using the AVHRR imagery.  However, the GOES imager has the advantage of providing imagery more frequently in time.  Our work in this area has led to a number of publications which are listed below.

References:
Breaker,L.C., V.M.Krasnopolsky and E.M.Maturi, GOES-8 Imagery as a New Source of Data to Conduct Ocean Feature Tracking. Accepted for publication in Remote Sensing of Environment, 1999.

Breaker, L.C., V.M. Krasnopolsky, D.B. Rao and X.H. Yan, The Feasibility of Estimating Ocean Surface Currents on an Operational Basis Using Satellite Feature Tracking Methods. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 75, 2085-2095, 1994.

Krasnopolsky, V.M. and L.C. Breaker, The Problem of AVHRR Image Navigation Revisited. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15, 979-1008, 1994.


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Please send comments and questions to Vladimir Krasnopolsky Vladimir.Krasnopolsky@noaa.gov
Last changed August 2001